- dappled shade
- Sunlight broken into shifting patches by beams, slats or foliage overhead, rather than continuous cover. The pattern moves as the sun travels across the sky. Shade from a pergola: what the frame gives and 4 ways to add more
- lean-to
- A structure attached to an existing wall of the house, with one side supported by the building and the other by posts or a frame. Pergola vs Gazebo: 6 Key Differences to Help You Choose
- ledger board
- A horizontal timber fixed to the house wall to support one end of a lean-to pergola or roof structure. Pergola vs Gazebo: 6 Key Differences to Help You Choose
- louvres
- Horizontal slats mounted on pivots that tilt to adjust the amount of light and air passing through. Closed, they block most sun; open, they allow ventilation. Shade from a pergola: what the frame gives and 4 ways to add more
- multiwall sheets
- Polycarbonate panels with two or three layers separated by vertical ribs. They insulate better than solid sheets and are light enough for most timber frames. Adding a roof to your pergola: 4 material choices and the structural checks that come first
- permitted development
- Building work that does not need a planning application because it falls within limits set by national rules, provided certain conditions are met. Pergola vs Gazebo: 6 Key Differences to Help You Choose
- post shoes
- Metal brackets that hold timber posts above ground level, allowing water to drain away and reducing the risk of rot at the base. Pergola vs Gazebo: 6 Key Differences to Help You Choose
- sistering
- Fixing a second piece of timber alongside an existing beam and bolting them together to increase the load the span can carry. Adding a roof to your pergola: 4 material choices and the structural checks that come first
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